IMOA Chairperson, Retired Justice Antonio T. Carpio, recently delivered a statement reaffirming the Philippines’ legal and sovereign rights over the West Philippine Sea. His remarks emphasize the significance of upholding international law and maintaining a consistent national stance on maritime claims.

Justice Carpio highlighted that the West Philippine Sea is a legally defined term under the Philippine Maritime Zones Act, recently enacted by Congress. This legislation explicitly defines the West Philippine Sea as the maritime zones of the Philippines facing the South China Sea, reinforcing the country’s rightful jurisdiction over these waters.

He further stressed that the Philippines has the sovereign right to name these maritime zones since it exercises sovereignty and sovereign rights over them. No other nation can claim sovereignty over these areas, as established under international law.

Addressing misconceptions, Justice Carpio firmly asserted that the 2016 arbitral ruling is valid and binding. He rejected claims that the ruling is merely a piece of paper, emphasizing that it is a historic victory for the Philippines. He urged Filipinos to recognize and celebrate this legal triumph, as it strengthens the nation’s position in maritime disputes.

Moreover, Justice Carpio condemned China’s illegal actions in the West Philippine Sea, such as the creation and militarization of artificial islands. He reiterated that these actions blatantly violate international law and undermine regional stability.

A critical point he raised was the lack of a unified historical and legal narrative in the Philippines’ claims over the South China Sea. According to him, this inconsistency weakens the country’s stance in international forums. He urged policymakers, scholars, and the public to align their understanding of the nation’s maritime entitlements.

Justice Carpio also criticized former President Rodrigo Duterte for hindering efforts to defend the West Philippine Sea. He pointed out that Duterte ordered the Philippine Navy to patrol only up to the territorial sea, excluding the country’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ). This, according to Carpio, undermined national security and sovereignty.

Furthermore, Justice Carpio urged the public not to vote for candidates aligned with China, warning against “Manchurian candidates”—politicians who might prioritize China’s interests over those of the Philippines. He stressed the importance of electing leaders who will uphold national sovereignty and protect the country’s territorial rights in the West Philippine Sea.

Justice Carpio’s statement serves as a call to action for Filipinos to uphold their maritime rights, ensure policy consistency, and counter any attempts to downplay or disregard the Philippines’ lawful claims in the West Philippine Sea.